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Brake pads are a component of disc brakes used in automotive and other applications. Brake pads are composed of steel backing plates with friction material bound to the surface that faces the disc brake rotors.
Brake pads convert the kinetic energy of a vehicle to thermal energy through friction. Two brake pads are contained in the brake with their friction surfaces facing the rotor.[1] When the brakes are hydraulically applied, the caliper clamps or squeezes the two pads together onto the spinning rotor to slow and stop the vehicle. When a brake pad heats up due to contact with the rotor, it transfers small amounts of its friction material onto the disc, leaving a dull grey coating on it. The brake pad and disc (now both having the friction material), then "stick" to each other, providing the friction that stops the vehicle.
Disc brakes offer better stopping performance as compared to drum brakes. They provide better resistance to "brake fade" caused by the overheating of brake pads, and are also able to recover quickly from immersion (wet brakes are less effective). Unlike a drum brake, a disc brake has no self-servo effect-the braking force is always proportional to the pressure applied on the braking pedal lever. However many disc brake systems have servo assistance ("Brake Booster") to reduce the driver's pedal effort.[citation needed]
There are numerous types of brake pads, depending on the intended use of the vehicle, from very soft and aggressive (such as racing applications) to harder, more durable and less aggressive compounds. Most vehicle manufacturers recommend a specific kind of brake pad for their vehicle, but compounds can be changed (by either buying a different make of pad or upgrading to a performance pad in a manufacturer's range) according to personal tastes and driving styles. Care must always be taken when buying non-standard brake pads as the operating temperature ranges may vary, such as performance pads not braking efficiently when cold or standard pads fading under hard driving. In cars that suffer from excessive brake fade, the problem can be minimized by installing better quality and more aggressive brake pads.
Brake pad materials are classified into one of four principal categories, as follows:
Non-metallic materials - these are made from a combination of various synthetic substances bonded into a composite, principally in the form of cellulose, aramid, PAN, and sintered glass. They are gentle on rotors, but produce a fair amount of dust, thus having a short service life.
Semi-metallic materials - synthetics mixed with varying proportions of flaked metals. These are harder than non-metallic pads, more fade-resistant and longer lasting, but at the cost of increased wear to the rotor/drum which then must be replaced sooner. They also require more actuating force than non-metallic pads in order to generate braking torque.
Fully metallic materials - these pads are used only in racing vehicles, and are composed of sintered steel without any synthetic additives. They are very long-lasting, but require more force to slow a vehicle while wearing off the rotors faster. They also tend to be very loud.
Ceramic materials - Composed of clay and porcelain bonded to copper flakes and filaments, these are a good compromise between the durability of the metal pads, grip and fade resistance of the synthetic variety. Their principal drawback, however, is that unlike the previous three types, despite the presence of the copper (which has a high thermal conductivity), ceramic pads generally do not dissipate heat well, which can eventually cause the pads or other components of the braking system to warp. However, because the ceramic materials cause the braking sound to be elevated beyond that of human hearing, they seem exceptionally quiet.
| Brand | OEM No.: |
| BPW | WVA29125 20768092 GDB5085 3095396 |
1. Brake pads made of metal
Metal brake pads, commonly known as semi-metallic brake pads, contain 30%-65% of metal, such as iron, copper, steel or composite metal. They have good thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, and are suitable for use under heavy load and high-speed driving conditions.
Advantages:
• Good high temperature resistance: Metal brake pads can still maintain good braking performance at high temperatures.
• Strong wear resistance: Metal brake pads have good wear resistance and relatively long service life.
• Relatively low cost: Compared with ceramic brake pads, the production cost of metal brake pads is lower.
2. Brake pads made of ceramic materials
Ceramic brake pads are composed of ceramic fibers, non-metallic fillers, adhesives and a small amount of metal. This type of brake pad performs well in braking performance, noise control and wear reduction.
Advantages:
• Stable braking performance: Especially at different temperatures and different working conditions, ceramic brake pads can provide stable braking effects.
• Low working noise: The noise generated by ceramic brake pads during operation is much smaller than that of metal brake pads.
• Less dust and clean: It produces relatively fine white dust, which has little impact on the environment and the brake system.
• Less wear on the brake disc: Ceramic brake pads are softer and cause relatively less wear on the brake disc.
Q: How often should the brake pads of a car be replaced?
A: Check the wear degree of the brake pads. There will be grooves on the brake pads. When the wear reaches the same level as the grooves, it means that the grooves are gone and the brake pads should be replaced in time. 2. Check the warning light. Some models have induction wires on the brake pads. When the brake pads are worn to a certain extent, a warning light will appear on the dashboard. At this time, it means that the brake pads need to be replaced in time, otherwise the warning light will stay on. 3. Listen to the sound. When you are driving and tap the brakes lightly, if you hear a creaking sound of metal friction, it is usually caused by the brake pads exceeding the limit of use. Therefore, you should check it in time and replace the brake pads if there is any abnormality.
Q: Do you need to grind the brake disc after changing the brake pads?
A: No need to grind the disc. You only need to grind off the reverse foot of the brake pads. Make the disc fit with the disc to prevent abnormal noise when braking. The advantage of not grinding the disc is that you can see the degree of wear of the disc and replace it in time to avoid braking danger. Not grinding the disc also ensures a certain compressive strength of the disc.
Q: What is the reason for soft brakes?
A: If the brake force is not enough even if you step on the brake pedal to the bottom, check the brake fluid and brake pump. The brake fluid may contain too much water or air. If the brake force is not enough when you step on the brake pedal a little deeper, it is normal.
Q: Do I have to replace the brake disc at the same time as I replace the brake pads?
A: No, it depends on the degree of wear of the brake disc. Generally, the brake disc needs to be replaced when it has been used for 100,000 kilometers or the edge of the brake disc is grooved.
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